Desiccation
In 1924, Clark and colleagues gave the first histologic description of desiccation and coagulation.3 His description is classic and is accepted today without modification. Desiccation is produced by low current and relatively higher voltage applied over a broad area, producing a low current density. In desiccation, the cells are shrunken and shriveled with elongated nuclei. Cellular detail is preserved. This effect is produced by the loss of water from the cells, without extensive coagulation of proteins.
Coagulation
Coagulation occurs at higher current densities than are used in desiccation, resulting in higher tissue temperatures. The tissue fluids boil away and the proteins become denatured, forming a white coagulum similar to that produced when an egg white is boiled. There is loss of cellular definition as all tissue structures fuse into a formless, homogenous mass with a hyalinized appearance. This is the classic appearance of coagulation necrosis.
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